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inside Devilstep Hollow Cave
LAND DEAL PROTECTS CAVE WITH ANCIENT DRAWINGS
By Anne Paine • Staff Writer • February 26, 2008
CROSSVILLE, Tenn. — The green, 385-acre Devilstep Hollow has guarded a
secret since prehistoric times.
A cave lies underground with bird-man creatures and other mysterious images
carved into the limestone or painted on the walls.
This is one of only about 60 cave art sites documented in the Southeast, and
48 in Tennessee, according to Jan Simek, distinguished professor of science
and interim chancellor of the University of Tennessee.
The Devilstep cave art
should survive modern times because the Tennessee Parks and Greenways
Foundation has acquired the land, and the state is buying it at cost, about
$2.1 million, including surveying and fees.
This will protect the
natural area and spring that helps form the Sequatchie River, but the cave
is its most unusual feature.
People of the
mound-building, culturally-rich Mississippian Era crawled on their bellies
through the cave and left the artistic marks of their existence, probably
about 1280-1300 A.D., Simek said. "These are spiritual places," he said.
"They are very precious things, very delicate and fragile."
The cave is gated and
locked, and the property has a caretaker. The land above, however, will open
to the public one day.
The pastoral Devilstep
Hollow, ringed with the Cumberland Mountains and graced with trees, a clear
river and cabins, looks like a national park, said Kathleen Williams, head
of the foundation.
Williams foresees a
hostel there and possibly a museum with a virtual reality cave tour.
"Hopefully, this will be a place for hikers to stay along the
cross-state Cumberland Trail State Park," she said, waving an arm towards
the cabins.
The land was bought at a
half-million-dollar discount from private owners, and the state plans to pay
for it with federal and state park and land acquisition funds. The
foundation is one of the nonprofit groups that, through donations, can act
quicker than the state when significant natural, historical or cultural
locations come on the market.
Adam Sherrill, a
Revolutionary War veteran who scouted with Daniel Boone and whose sister was
married to Tennessee's first governor, John Sevier, settled the land about
1790, according to the foundation. That's barely old compared with the era
when cane torches of another people blackened parts of the cave underneath
and they drew their art.
"This is kind of a cross
between a bird and a human," said Bill Lawrence, archaeologist with the
Tennessee State Parks' Natural and Cultural Resource Management division.
He was shining his flashlight on a falcon/warrior cut into the wall, a
mythical figure with god-like status. "He's holding a mace … a kind of
ceremonial axe." You see the wing feathers coming off the arms there?"
Variety of art rare
A sprinkling of bats clinging to the low ceiling ignored the five,
dust-covered humans who had squeezed on their stomachs through a series of
passageways to get there. Another picture showed a man transformed into an
axe, with beaded forelocks typical of the era's art.
A painting, with charcoal or other materials, of a dog or wolf could be
found, as could mud impressions call "mud glyphs." "This is one of only two
caves that I know of in the South that have all three of those art forms in
them," Simek had said in a phone interview earlier.
The designs are dated by what they depict and how they are made. Radiocarbon
testing to determine the time has been done elsewhere on the torch black.

COURTESY OF UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE
State archaeologists say this creature painted on the wall at Devilstep
Hollow Cave is probably a fox or a wolf. The checker pattern is a scale that
archaeologists use to size things.
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